7

Linux? Linux , . .

Linux ASCII /var/log. Linux, syslogd rsyslogd.

, Linux, .

      Linux

Linux

1. Linux root. root-.

2. :

cd /var/log

3. , :

ls

Linux, kern.log boot.log. .

ls

root. , root - , Linux.

:

sudo less [log name here].log

, .

, , :

  • zcat - logfile.gz
  • zmore - ,
  • zgrep -
  • grep -
  • tail -
  • head -
  • vim - vim
  • nano - nano

Linux

. .

:

  • (System Logs)
  • (Event Logs)
  • (Application Logs)
  • (Service Logs)

var/log.


Linux. . :

  • /var/log/syslog: ( /var/log/messages)
  • /var/log/boot.log: , ,
  • /var/log/auth.log: , , ( /var/log/secure)
  • /var/log/httpd/: Apache
  • /var/log/mysqld.log: MySQL
  • /var/log/debug: , , ,
  • /var/log/daemon.log: , , Linux
  • /var/log/maillog: , ,
  • /var/log/kern.log: , Linux
  • /var/log/yum.log: Yum
  • /var/log/dmesg:
  • /var/log/boot.log:
  • /var/log/cron: crond

syslogd

syslogd, /etc/syslogd.conf /etc/syslog . . syslogd . . :

Dec 19 15:12:42 backup.main.merionet.ru sbatchd[495]: sbatchd/main: ls_info() failed: LIM is down; try later; trying ...
Dec 19 15:14:28 system.main.merionet.ru pop-proxy[27283]: Connection from 186.115.198.84
Dec 19 15:14:30 control.main.merionet.ru pingem[271] : office.main.merionet.ru has not answered 42 times
Dec 19 15:15:05 service.main.merionet.ru vmunix: Multiple softerrors: Seen 100Corrected Softerrors from SIMM J0201
Dec 19 15:15:16 backup.main.merionet.ru PAM_unix[17405]: (sshd) session closed 'for user trent	

, . , .

, , CUPS, Rootkit Hunter, HTTP- Apache, SMB- Samba X11.


. . . , .

Linux. , Linux.


Linux

System Log Viewer - , .

, . .

Xlogmaster, .

Xlogmaster . , .


Ubuntu CentOS

CentOS. , Linux, who root:

who

. :

last reboot
last reboot

, :

lastlog
lastlog

, , . , .

, . logrotate. , .

logrotate , . cron logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf. logrotate.

logrotate, :

var/log/log name here].log {
Missingok
Notifempty
Compress
Size 20k
Daily
Create 0600 root root
}

.

:

  • missingok - logrotate , .
  • notifempty - , . gzip
  • size - , ,
  • daily - . .
  • create - , root

, Linux, Linux. .


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