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13

BGP .

   Border Gateway Protocol

BGP:

  1. BGP
  2. BGP
  3. NLRI BGP
  4. BGP
  5. BGP IPv6

BGP PDF

PDF 🙃 , BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) "" PDF.


BGP

- Border Gateway Protocol , . , BGP , - , (EGP), . , Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), OSPF, . BGP - EGP, , ( ) , , .

1 BGP.

   BGP

BGP , . - (ISP) BGP -. BGP . , , , (* ) - BGP, .

(BGP) , . , BGP , , BGP.

, BGP - . , , !

, BGP - . (TCP) . EIGRP , , . , EIGRP , , , , .

Border Gateway Protocol . TCP. , BGP TCP- 179.

, , , . , OSPF , , .

BGP . BGP , . BGP AS_PATH. (AS), , , .

AS_PATH - AS. AS BGP, . , (Distance Vector), (Path Vector). AS_PATH (.. AS), .

AS AS_PATH, , . - , BGP , - , , , BGP, , , BGP (IBGP).

, (EBGP). (: EBGP eBGP.) , , BGP IBGP EBGP, , , . , , AS, , . , EBGP, AS AS, AS . IBGP, AS, BGP AS. 1, .

, , IBGP EBGP, . BGP .


BGP, BGP

(BGP) , . , BGP BGP- . , , .

BGP. 2 BGP.

   BGP

. BGP , (TCP). , , , three-way handshake ( ) TCP, .

? , . , . , IBGP EBGP.

, BGP Keepalive. , , , , , up. BGP , Update.

- - , BGP Notification. , BGP.

BGP Route Refresh ( ). BGP, Route Refresh. Route Refresh , , BGP , - .

3 Wireshark BGP 1.

   BGP

BGP

Border Gateway Protocol, BGP.

BGP. 4. , BGP . , . 16 . , .

  BGP

, . , , , , , .

BGP? , , - BGP, .

, (Length) ( ) (Type). , BGP .

, , 1, (Open) BGP. 2 (Update). 3 (Notification). 4 Keepalive. 5 Route Refresh.

, , , , - Keepalive. , Keepalive .

, , BGP- , . 5 .  Keepalive

(Open) , , . BGP BGP, .

AS . IBGP EBGP. Hold Time. Hold Time? , , Open , (Hold Time), Hold Time, . Hold Time , .

BGP Identifier. BGP Router ID, , BGP.

, (Optional Parameter), . (Optional Parameter Length), , .

, , - (Update) BGP. 6 .

     (Update) BGP

BGP (Withdrawn Routes Length). , , BGP . : .

, , . , , BGP .

, , - . , , BGP. AS Path , , . , , Total Path Attribute Length .

NLRI. (Network Layer Reachability Information). 3 , .

BGP . NLRI , . BGP , , IPv6. VPN IPv4 - MPLS VPN.

7 (Notification).

   (Notification)

- (Error Code). (Error Subcode). , . , Error Code 3, Error Subcode 3, , .


BGP

, BGP, BGP , BGP, , BGP. , . BGP, , , .

IGP , . , , , sub-second , . BGP -. , IGP, , . , BGP . . .

BGP, . BGP, 8, .

  BGP

, , , , . , , , , (OpenConfirm) .

- , BGP TCP- .

TCP - . OpenSent, , . OpenConfirm, BGP , Keepalive . , BGP Keepalive. , .

Cisco CLI , BGP. 1 show ip bgp summary .

TPA1#show ip bgp summary
BGP router identifier 10.10.10.1, local AS number 100
BGP table version is 3, main routing table version 3
Neighbor	V	AS	MsgRcvd	MsgSent	TblVer	InQ	QutQ	Up/down	State/PfxRcd
10.10.10.2	4	200	0	0	1	0	0	00:00:00	Idle

1. BGP ( State/PfxRcd Idle). IDLE 1 ( ATL TPA 1).